Spiritual Connection means experiencing a sense of connectedness with forces that transcend the individual as a coping method to gain comfort. (35-year-old female). When healthcare professionals encounter a more acculturated Hmong family in the U.S., they will likely see more balance of power between mother and father. Somaq: It is a Persian spice that represents sunlight. We found two patterns. Patient-centered care implies involving family members and incorporating care tailored to the patient's culture. . The individual derives a social network and assistance in times of need from the family. Cultural behaviors have important implications for human health. Many people study for a higher education or post-graduate degree as strong respect is shown to those who have proof of expertise. (p. 46). Full-text available. Islam is practiced by the majority of Iranians and governs their personal, political, economic and legal lives. 2 COMMUNICATION Greetings Hello Salaam Goodbye Khoda hafez . We will present these methods in another article. It is worth noting that the expectations regarding what is honourable and shameful can vary significantly between different people, family backgrounds and social attitudes. Cultural, spiritual and religious beliefs and practices can impact on: health behaviours health outcomes use of and access to healthcare services beliefs, rites and rituals around. Iranian Clothing - What to wear while traveling to Iran? In the current article, we present the results from our study in Iran, which looks at religious coping methods from a cultural perspective. One interviewee, a 53-year-old woman, explained: I thought maybe I had committed sins and that this was Gods way of punishing me. Debase, As Khoshkjan (Citation2016) suggested, belief in the intercession of Imams is one of the most important principles for Shia Muslims. The holy places may also function as reminders of God; Islamic/Quranic teachings argue that remembrance of Allah leads to peace and satisfaction: Those who believe and whose hearts find peace in the remembrance of Allh. . Family culture influences the way each family member thinks, feels, and acts on a daily basis. We found two patterns. The first, and perhaps most crucial, elements of culture we will discuss are its values and beliefs. As it seems, believing that imams have outwardly powers, that visiting imams tombs ziyarat means nearing the source of the divine, and that through ziyarat they gain rewards savab has brought about the kind of psychological confidence and security that our informants needed while facing a serious life crisis. This cultural content is crucial in constructing individuals identities and ethical/moral worldview, which in its turn serves as an orienting system when navigating social relationships. These are sometimes called 'cultural value preferences'. These are primarily their family members and close friends. Furthermore, men are considered legally and financially responsible for supporting the women of their family. Values are a culture's standard for discerning what is good and just in society. As such, women are expected to cover up anything that could be considered an erotic provocateur to avoid unwanted public attention i.e. Religious association also has powerful leverage in society. In an effort to study from a sociological perspective more closely the role of culture in cancer patients meaning-making coping methods, an international project has been conducted in 10 countries (Sweden, South Korea, China, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Portugal, Brazil, Turkey and Iran). Translation included an inevitable process of removing certain nuances from the actual texts. Outreach and education efforts by the health care community can help . At the same time Iranians will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible. As mentioned before, sacred here is not defined in a religious context, but an inwardly sanctification context. to work, get an education, marry, divorce, bear children or not) varies significantly depending on the attitude of her husband or closest male relative. Mixing of males and females only really occurs within families or closely knit circles of friends. Stigma surrounding psychological disorders in Iran often leads to isolation, as fear of judgment and ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment. Iranian Culture 12 Traditions and Customs Only Iranians Will Understand Posted on 28 July 2019 As in any other country, Iran is ripe with quirks and eccentricities. By establishing a relationship with another entity than her-/himself, the patient tries to gain comfort and control. Completely surrounded by God, I put myself and my destiny in His hands. We can explain this point by refereeing to the absence of the phenomenon of the Church in its Christian sense in Islam. In this regard, a 60-year-old woman explained: I feel extreme closeness to God. Some people believe ziyarat has undeniable positive effects on their wellbeing, mental health and behaviour. Nevertheless, the results of several studies (Ahmadi, Citation2006, Citation2015; Ahmadi, Park, Kim, & Ahmadi Citation2017; Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018) reveal the occurrence of other coping strategies that can hardly be regarded as religious or spiritual, for instance, strategies connected to nature. Moreover, it was explained to all potential informants that the research is part of an international study aimed at identifying the strategies patients use to cope with their illness; participation was voluntary; participants could withdraw at any time or from any part of the research without any consequences for themselves; the data are kept confidential; and the research reports have been presented and published without mentioning the participants name or representative characteristics. The Cultural Atlas team acknowledges the Traditional Owners of the lands throughout Australia on whose country we have the privilege to live and work. Although recognition of mental-health problems in Iran has arguably increased over the past few years, considerable stigma still exists. Iranian culture remains relatively class conscious. Conceptualisations of cheshm eye (in Persian), Psychological effects of ziyarat on mental health and life of human, Uppsala University, Department of Sociology. The interviews were conducted from November 2017 through December 2017, and the transcription process was completed by February 2018. The continuous presence of pre-Islamic, non-Muslim communities - such as Zoroastrians, Jews, and Christians - has served to accustom the population to non-Muslims participating in Iranian society. I know that Ive done a lot of wicked things in my life. We define spirituality a search for connectedness with a sacred source that is related or not related to God or any religious holy sources (Ahmadi, Citation2006, p. 7273). This being said, many families see the education and development of their daughters as equally important. Today, Iran is home to a population of around 83,024,745 individuals. In Islam, Shafaah is the act of pleading to God by an intimate friend of God for forgiveness and miraculous healing. Get a downloadable, printable version that you can read later. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. All research groups checked all interview drafts and verified all codes and categorizations. Your family culture influences things like your moral compass, beliefs, values, and traditions. Visiting pilgrims is for me like praying. Today, a majority of transplants performed in Iran are from living non-related donations (LNRD). Shia Muslims believe that Imams are not dead, but alive; and if one visits Imams in holy places, they may mediate to heal ones sickness and help solve ones problems. Even Iranians that leave the house as husband and wife can draw negative attention. Significant class differences were exacerbated through periods of recent economic hardship and instability. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. As Willander (Citation2014, p. 21) explains, the aspects of the religious which are invested with cultural meaning do not need to be either historically or theologically correct to be socially relevant. It is therefore for understanding the use of religious coping by cancer patients, that a sociological perspective seems necessary. Almost all Iranian schools are segregated. Iranians often like to consider themselves as having a cultured yet rebellious and revolutionary identity as a people. The Islamic Republic of Iran is a Middle Eastern nation located at the crossroads between Arab Asia and Central Asia. They're informed by the cultures we most associate ourselves with. keeping to the rules to avoid attracting the attention of government operatives). Awareness can translate to an enhanced understanding of the complexity of mental-health problems in a culture that holds rigid attitudes about mental health and illness. Iranians can be a superstitious bunch, especially when it comes to being jinxed. Nevertheless, while politics is commonly ridiculed, most people are very reluctant to criticise Islam both from a social standpoint and a moral/theological perspective. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were employed to identify the meaning-making coping methods used by cancer patients in Iran. In this pattern, praying to and conversing with saints and imams are in focus; one interesting finding was that no one reported having turned to Clergies in this respect. The present article is based on an international study on meaning-making coping aimed at understanding the role of culture in coping. Illness may be considered a product of Gods will, and thus accepted or as in the story of Job viewed as educational theodicy (Dein & Stygall, Citation1997). When Nahal is told shes had a miscarriage, instead of seeking support from her familywho have, in the past, refused to recognize her struggle with depressionshe keeps the news to herself, leading to desperation. Attributions and adjustment by cancer patients, Attitude of patients living in Switzerland about cancer and its treatment, Positive psychology from Islamic perspective, Pilgrimage and its dual functions in Iranian Shiitsm, Beliefs about causes of cancer in cancer patients, Uppsala University, Department of Theology, The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. This is usually to protect conservative parents from worrying. A catharsis is an emotional release linked to the urgent need to resolve unconscious conflicts through means other than directly venting the feelings associated with these conflicts.Footnote4. Iranians take their responsibilities to their family quite seriously. Get the help you need from a therapist near youa FREE service from Psychology Today. Iranian culture has influenced cultures and peoples in different parts of the world including Europe, East Asia, and South Asia. Many Asian people, by comparison, have a strong belief that uncertainty is inherent in life and each day is taken as it comes. Thus, secular meaning-making coping hardly has any point of connection with a traditional sacred context, but can overlap with a search for connectedness with a sacred source without relating to God or any traditional religious context. They are beliefs, ideas, and principles that are specific to your home and how it functions. This is the way they act at home or with their inner circle, where they can reveal their baaten (inside or true) identity without risk of arrest. Some reports show that 26.5 percent of Iranian women and 20.8 percent of Iranian men have mental-health difficulties. However, it has received less attention from policymakers and health researchers in Iran. Dec 15, 2012. One 41-year-old man explained this: We have a responsibility to act. The quotes used in this part, which were recorded in Persian, have been translated into English. Seven major themes emerged: respect for dignity, professional integrity, professional commitment, developing human relationships, justice, honesty, and promoting individuals and the nursing profession. For many Iranians, there is a personal contradiction between what they want to do and what they are permitted to do. Mexican Family Culture: Important Values, Traditions, and Beliefs. One of the most notable characteristics of the Iranian people is their thirst for knowledge. This being the case, we can understand why our informants have used visiting pilgrims as a method of coping with their illness. Relevance to clinical practice Culture is one of the most important factors affecting the development of motherhood in Iran. Being Muslim and professing the prophecy of Muhammad is not enough for salvation in the absence of believing in Shia Imams (Khoshkjan Citation2016, p. 3). A unified, searchable interface answering your questions on the world's cultures and religions. 5 Spiritual Practices That Increase Well-Being. However, as men dominate the public sphere and hold more decision-making power, womens authority is mostly limited to the domestic space. Significant class differences were exacerbated through periods of recent economic hardship and instability. They are also sometimes taught early that the protection of family honour also resides with them. He gave me my life and He can take it back. This perspective includes both religious and secular cultural settings, especially Muslim ones. It is common for Iranians to refer to themselves as Persian, which carries the association and prestige of the historical empire.1 The Iranian culture and people have a history of being one of the most progressive in the Middle East. Italy is a country located in the south of Europe. 5. Today, the conservative interpretations of Islam have become a major social force and dictate much of what Iranians can and cannot do. Families tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children, but the extended family is quite close. Ethnicity, Language, and Religion in Iran. In this respect, two interviewees understood their collaboration with God as follows: I dont believe in predestination. Nahals silence about her mental illness also relates to a worry that shell be forced to resume antidepressant medication, which she took prior to pregnancy. One is Support from Saints and Imams but not Clergy. View. Naturally, in most societies religion is not the sole available resource in an individuals orienting system; there are other dimensions in life e.g., biological, psychological, social, and environmental to which a person can turn when faced with adversity. Nevertheless, many parents suggest partners to their children, who then may or may not agree with their recommendation. her figure and her hair. In Nigeria, the core traditional values have been debased at the modern era. Someone who is a theologian is presumed to have the moral high ground and power in decision-making, gaining them a lot of respect. Here we present the results on Religious Coping Methods. Culture, a shared set of traditions, belief systems, and behaviors, is shaped by history, religion, ethnic identity, language, and nationality, among other factors. It has had a Muslim majority population for centuries and so the culture is deeply characterised by its strong Islamic influence. Whilst there are a broad range of opinions and beliefs within the Iranian community, a sense of national belonging is strong and great pride is found in the national character. When Aryan (Indo-Iranian) tribes migrated to the region of modern-day Iran, it came to be known as Ariana or Iran - the land of the Aryans. Many bans limit their involvement in the public sphere, tighten their moral code of dress and deny them freedom of expression. Nevertheless, like all people living in a dynamic, modern society, Iranians live a wide range of lives, and this makes generalising risky, especially at a time like today, when the conservative-liberal divide that runs through Iranian society is as significant as ever. Generally, young adults hide the existence of their girlfriend or boyfriend from their parents (especially the father) until they have ascertained that their relationship will lead to marriage. Cultural beliefs affect health and wellness through the information that it provides for its people. Are Zoomies a Sign of a Happy Dog or a Crazy Dog? Elderly relatives are kept at home, not placed in a nursing home. They help each other through difficulties, and are always there for each other through thick and thin. I knew that I would win if I only relied on myself. This changed as the Islamic Republic legally enforced the separation of genders and placed extreme restrictions on women. I had learned this devotional habit in my childhood. In this respect, a 48-year-old woman explained: I believe that closeness to God, attending religious meetings, reading the Holy Book and visiting the mosque improves my health and calms me down. The eye is a pragmatic element in both cultures. Here believing in the evil eye was in focus. The health care beliefs and values of Mexican-Americans. I believe I have sinned, and it is my punishment. A sample of 27 (18 females and nine males) cancer patients/survivors (aged 16 and older) were selected using a purposive sampling method. FAMILY VALUES Many Iranian immigrants in New Zealand are more westernized and secularized . Staying Single: What Most People Do If They Divorce After 50. Data was reported in Iran in 2013 has shown that almost 42 percent of deliveries in public hospitals and 90 percent in private hospitals were carried out with cesarean section. Patients in Somalia commonly exhibit symptoms of chronic disorders in response to stress and turmoil. Family roles and dynamics vary significantly between those households that have progressive understandings of womens rights, authority and privacy and those that maintain traditional values. The Persians were only one of these tribes who settled in the territory of Persis (also Parsa, modern-day Fars) which would give them their name. Across its history, Iran has continuously pursued modernisation whilst looking to maintain its spiritual integrity. One possible reason for this is that, for these interviewees, religion is a larger part of [their] orientation system (Ahmad, Citation2006, p. 28). The larger study has been conducted among cancer patients in 10 countries. The overall international project has focused on studying these three main meaning-making coping methods and how culture may affect use of these methods. Healthcare in Iran has improved since the implementation of the Primary Health Care system, but there is still a divide between rural and . As people dont want to risk doing something shameful, they generally adhere to social expectations. To wear while traveling to Iran improved since the implementation of the lands throughout Australia on country! By refereeing to the rules to avoid attracting the attention of government operatives ) majority Iranians. 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